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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

391
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
391
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

434
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
434
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

502
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
502
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

309
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
309
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:11

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

683
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...
683

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
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New treatments for glaucoma.

Anthony P Mai1, Tanner J Ferguson1, Nathan Radcliffe2

  • 1Vance Thompson Vision, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|January 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

New FDA-approved glaucoma treatments offer improved patient experiences by reducing medication burdens and side effects. These advancements include implants, laser procedures, and wearable devices, enhancing glaucoma management.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Research
  • Medical Device Innovation

Background:

  • Glaucoma treatment has evolved significantly, introducing novel topical medications, minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries, sustained-release drug delivery systems, and wearable devices.
  • Patient-centric decision-making is increasingly important in glaucoma management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review newly FDA-approved glaucoma treatments.
  • To familiarize healthcare providers with immediately available treatment options for glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of new Federal Drug Administration (FDA)-approved glaucoma treatments.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities including implants, laser procedures, and devices.

Main Results:

  • New FDA-approved treatments include bimatoprost implant (1-year effect), travoprost implant (3-year effect), direct selective laser trabeculoplasty (DSLT) (2-second procedure), and an ocular pressure adjusting pump.
  • These treatments lower intraocular pressure (IOP) and improve patient experience by reducing drop burden, laser duration, or side effects.
  • Promising devices under review include a supraciliary stent and an adjustable aqueous tube shunt.

Conclusions:

  • Glaucoma treatment has evolved with novel medications, minimally invasive surgeries, sustained-release systems, and wearable devices.
  • The expansion of glaucoma therapies facilitates patient-centered treatment decisions.