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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Updated: Jun 3, 2025

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Ultrahigh Energy Storage Performance in BiFeO3-Based Lead-Free Ceramics via Tuning Structural Homogeneity and Domain

Tiantian Zhang1,2,3, Jianhua Wu2,3, Jinhua Du1,2,3

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed lead-free dielectric ceramics for advanced energy storage. By adding a complex perovskite, they achieved ultrahigh energy storage density and excellent stability, paving the way for safer, high-performance electronic devices.

Keywords:
BiFeO3−basedbreakdown electric fielddomain regulationhomogeneity improvementrelaxor ferroelectric ceramic

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Chemistry
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Lead-free ceramic-based dielectric capacitors are essential for modern electronics and environmental sustainability.
  • Developing lead-free ceramics with superior energy storage capabilities presents a significant challenge for practical implementation.
  • Existing materials often struggle to balance energy density, breakdown strength, and long-term stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the energy storage performance of lead-free dielectric ceramics.
  • To investigate the effect of introducing a complex perovskite (Na0.7Sm0.1)NbO3 (NSN) into BiFeO3-BaTiO3 (BF-BT) systems.
  • To achieve high energy storage density and excellent stability in novel BF-BT-NSN ceramics.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized (0.7-x)BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3-x(Na0.7Sm0.1)NbO3 (BF-BT-xNSN) ceramics via a solid-state reaction method.
  • Characterized the microstructure, phase composition, dielectric properties, and energy storage performance of the synthesized ceramics.
  • Analyzed the influence of NSN doping on domain structure, relaxation behavior, and breakdown electric field.

Main Results:

  • The addition of NSN promoted the transition of domains to nanodomains and improved microstructural homogeneity.
  • This structural modification led to enhanced dielectric relaxation properties and a significantly increased breakdown electric field.
  • The BF-BT-0.2NSN ceramic exhibited an ultrahigh energy storage density of 13.1 J/cm³ at an electric field of 650 kV/cm.
  • The optimized ceramic demonstrated excellent thermal stability (20-100 °C) and frequency stability (1-100 Hz), along with superior charge/discharge characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The strategic introduction of NSN is an effective approach to enhance energy storage in lead-free BiFeO3-based ceramics.
  • The developed BF-BT-0.2NSN ceramic shows remarkable potential for high-performance dielectric energy storage applications.
  • This research offers a promising pathway for designing advanced lead-free dielectric materials for next-generation electronic devices.