Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Training the Military Surgical Resident for Tomorrow's War: A Military-Unique Curriculum at the Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.

Military medicine·2026

Same author

Vestibular schwannoma: genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, hearing loss, and emerging therapies.

Journal of neuro-oncology·2026

Same author

Limitations of blood supply and walking blood bank implementation in Forward Resuscitative Surgical Detachments during large-scale combat operations: A Monte Carlo simulation model.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026

Same author

Giant Lipoma of the Parapharyngeal Space: Surgical Considerations and Comprehensive Literature Review.

Case reports in otolaryngology·2026

Same author

Governance for safe and responsible AI in healthcare organisations: a scoping review of frameworks.

NPJ digital medicine·2026

Same author

Emergency preservation and resuscitation in exsanguination cardiac arrest: science fiction to future reality?

Trauma surgery & acute care open·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis

Published on: July 8, 2025

Application of Reverse Sural Flaps in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review.

Amy Wang¹, Jean Pierre F Durand¹, Aaron I Dadzie²

¹From the Plastic Department of the John Sealu School of Medicine, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.

Annals of Plastic Surgery

|January 9, 2025

Summary

The reverse sural flap (RSF) is effective for pediatric lower-extremity reconstruction, showing high survival rates comparable to free flaps. This study confirms RSF as a viable first-line treatment option for children.

More Related Videos

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps

Published on: December 5, 2025

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Splenectomy In Children: A Case Report with Literature Review

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Splenectomy In Children: A Case Report with Literature Review

Published on: March 27, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis

Published on: July 8, 2025

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps

Published on: December 5, 2025

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Splenectomy In Children: A Case Report with Literature Review

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Splenectomy In Children: A Case Report with Literature Review

Published on: March 27, 2026

Area of Science:

Reconstructive surgery
Pediatric orthopedics
Microsurgery

Background:

The reverse sural flap (RSF) is a pedicled flap used for lower-extremity wounds.
Its efficacy is established in adults, but data in pediatric patients is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and analyze the application and outcomes of RSF in pediatric patients.
To compare RSF efficacy in children to free flaps and adult RSF outcomes.

Main Methods:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on pediatric RSF patients.
Searched PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and ProQuest databases.
Included 16 studies with 207 pediatric patients.

Main Results:

RSF demonstrated a 91.0% survival rate in pediatric patients.
Commonly used for distal third defects, primarily due to trauma (91.0%).
Venous congestion occurred in 13.0%, and flap necrosis in 15.0%, often manageable with skin grafting.

Conclusions:

RSF shows comparable efficacy to free flaps for distal third defects in children.
The procedure has similar success rates in pediatric patients as in adults.
RSF is recommended as a first-line therapy for pediatric lower-extremity soft-tissue reconstruction.