Adult Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Prostate Presented on 18 F-FDG and Al 18 F-FAPI-74 PET/CT

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Radiology
• Urology

Background:

• Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare and aggressive soft tissue sarcoma.
• Prostate rhabdomyosarcoma is exceptionally rare, particularly in adults.
• Accurate and early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of adult prostate embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
• To evaluate the role of combined 18F-FDG and 18F-FAPI PET/CT in diagnosing prostate rhabdomyosarcoma.
• To illustrate the imaging characteristics of this rare tumor.

Main Methods:

• A 21-year-old male patient presented with abdominal pain and urinary hesitancy.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) suggested a prostate mass, raising suspicion for sarcoma.
• Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) was performed using 18F-FDG and Al 18F-FAPI-74.

Main Results:

• PET/CT revealed an irregularly dense prostate mass with indistinct borders.
• The mass showed increased and heterogeneous uptake of 18F-FDG and 18F-FAPI.
• Distinct distribution patterns were observed between the two radiotracers.
• Histopathological analysis confirmed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Conclusions:

• Combined 18F-FDG and 18F-FAPI PET/CT can detect and characterize prostate embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
• The differing uptake patterns of these tracers may aid in differentiating tumor components.
• This case underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses in young adults with suggestive symptoms and imaging findings.