Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

52.5K
Overview
52.5K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

1.8K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
1.8K
Obesity01:24

Obesity

372
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
372
Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

185
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
185
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

8.7K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
8.7K
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response01:31

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

2.4K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The COPI coatomer influences LDL receptor activity, hepatic lipid storage, and apoB secretion.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Early Optic Nerve Head Swelling Rate Is Associated with Worsening of Visual Outcomes in Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

Ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Influenza virus infection drives upregulation of CD84 across a broad range of immune cells.

Clinical & translational immunology·2026
Same author

Multi-modal skin atlas identifies a multicellular immune-stromal community associated with disrupted cornification and specific T cell expansion in atopic dermatitis.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Scaling genomic reanalysis to unlock diagnoses and transform rare disease care.

HGG advances·2026
Same author

From Observation to Prediction: Machine Learning Analysis of Progression of Visual loss in Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

American journal of ophthalmology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
07:46

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

25.1K

Overfeeding and overweight rapidly reprogram inflammatory signaling.

Megan Elkins1, Merle Horrelt2, Brian Woods1

  • 1Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America.

Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
|January 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Even one week of a Western diet significantly increases inflammation and alters the microbiome, highlighting early health risks associated with overweight and obesogenic diets.

Keywords:
InflammationObesityOverweightToll-like receptor 4Western diet

More Related Videos

An Advanced Murine Model for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Association with Type 2 Diabetes
10:17

An Advanced Murine Model for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Association with Type 2 Diabetes

Published on: April 26, 2019

7.0K
Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages
10:07

Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages

Published on: June 23, 2013

66.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
07:46

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

25.1K
An Advanced Murine Model for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Association with Type 2 Diabetes
10:17

An Advanced Murine Model for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Association with Type 2 Diabetes

Published on: April 26, 2019

7.0K
Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages
10:07

Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages

Published on: June 23, 2013

66.1K

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic and Inflammatory Signaling
  • Microbiome Research
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Overweight and obesity are linked to increased mortality risk.
  • Early inflammatory changes from obesogenic diets are not well understood.
  • Existing research often uses long-term high-fat diet models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate inflammatory signaling changes after short-term overfeeding.
  • To characterize a mouse model of overweight induced by a 7-day Western diet.
  • To compare short-term and long-term Western diet effects.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a mouse model using a 7-day Western diet (high saturated fat, sucrose).
  • Compared with standard low-fat diet and a 22-week Western diet.
  • Analyzed weight gain, metabolic markers, liver health, microbiome diversity, and immune cell signaling.

Main Results:

  • Short-term Western diet caused 6% weight gain; long-term caused 92% weight gain.
  • Both diets increased cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, and leptin.
  • Short-term diet induced comparable inflammation (TLR4 expression, cytokine levels) to the long-term diet.

Conclusions:

  • One week of a Western diet is sufficient to induce inflammation characteristic of chronic obesity.
  • Early dietary interventions are crucial for managing inflammatory disorders.
  • Diet significantly impacts preclinical models and clinical health outcomes.