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Rates of Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents With and Without Disabilities.

Nili Amir¹, Kathleen E O'Brien², Susan J Woolford³

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.

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|January 9, 2025

Summary

Adolescents and young adults with disabilities are screened for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) at lower rates. Universal STI screening can help ensure individuals with disabilities receive necessary care.

Keywords:

Disability Gynecology Health disparities Sexually transmitted infections

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Health Disparities
Adolescent Medicine

Background:

Individuals with disabilities face higher sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence.
Limited data exists on STI screening rates for individuals with disabilities.
This study addresses the disparity in routine STI screening for adolescents and young adults with disabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if adolescents and young adults with disabilities are screened for STIs at lower rates than those without disabilities.
To investigate potential disparities in STI screening based on disability status.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of female patients aged 16-21 years.
Disability status identified using ICD-10 codes.
STI testing data collected via chart review and analyzed using logistic regression.

Main Results:

Patients with disabilities (1.3%) had significantly lower STI screening rates (60% vs. 77.2%).
Individuals with any disability, physical disability, or intellectual disability showed lower odds of STI screening.
Adjusted odds ratios indicated significant disparities in screening based on disability status.

Conclusions:

Adolescents and young adults with disabilities undergo STI screening less frequently.
Universal STI testing may reduce missed diagnoses in at-risk populations.
Further research is needed to identify and address barriers to STI screening for individuals with disabilities.