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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

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Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

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Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
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Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

522
Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's...
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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

173
Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
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Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction complicated by ipsilateral pleural effusion.

Marc Assaad1, Wasif Shamsi1, Anthony Loschner1

  • 1Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech School of Medicine, USA.

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
|January 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using valves can improve COPD symptoms but may rarely cause pleural effusion. This case highlights an uncommon adverse event following the procedure.

Keywords:
Bronchoscopic lung volume reductionChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseEmphysemaEndobronchial valvePleural effusion

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Interventional Pulmonology

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is a major global health concern, leading to emphysema and significant mortality.
  • Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) using endobronchial valves (e.g., Zephyr, Spiration) is an established treatment to reduce air trapping and hyperinflation in COPD patients.
  • FDA-approved valves demonstrate efficacy in improving lung function, quality of life, and survival.

Observation:

  • This report details a case of a 74-year-old female who developed pleural effusion.
  • The pleural effusion was identified as a secondary complication following BLVR.

Findings:

  • Pleural effusion is a reported, though uncommon, adverse event associated with BLVR procedures.
  • Pneumothorax is the most frequently reported adverse event, while pleural effusion is less common.

Implications:

  • Highlighting rare adverse events like pleural effusion is crucial for comprehensive patient counseling and risk assessment in BLVR.
  • Understanding the full spectrum of potential complications associated with BLVR is essential for interventional pulmonologists.
  • Further research may be warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and incidence of pleural effusion post-BLVR.