Pericarditis Linked to the Development of an Anterior Mediastinal Cholesterol Granuloma

Cholesterol granulomas are benign, foreign body giant cell reactions that occur in response to the presence of cholesterol crystals. Cholesterol granulomas are an exceedingly rare entity in the mediastinum and are often found incidentally without a known cause. In this case report, we describe a cholesterol granuloma developing in the anterior mediastinum secondary to a prolonged episode of pericarditis. In addition to providing unique insights into the etiology of cholesterol granulomas of the anterior mediastinum, this report also demonstrates the feasibility of robotic surgical approaches for the management of these lesions.