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Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

321
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Structure-function coupling alterations in cognitively normal individuals with white matter hyperintensities.

Junyong Du1,2, Shabei Xu1,2, Wenhao Zhu1,2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|January 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structural decoupling index (SDI) alterations are linked to white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and cognitive decline in older adults. These changes involve specific brain regions and molecular pathways, offering insights into WMH progression.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseaginggene enrichmentstructural decoupling indexwhite matter hyperintensities

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Research

Background:

  • White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are key indicators of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).
  • The underlying mechanisms driving WMH and their impact on cognition are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the structural decoupling index (SDI) as a novel measure of brain organization.
  • To investigate the association between SDI and WMH burden in cognitively normal older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of neuroimaging data from 112 cognitively normal individuals with varying WMH levels.
  • Calculation of SDI and performance of gene enrichment analysis to identify molecular pathways.

Main Results:

  • Higher WMH burden correlated with increased SDI in regions including the frontal gyrus, orbital gyrus, precentral gyrus, cingulate gyrus, thalamus, and striatum.
  • SDI alterations were associated with memory and processing speed deficits in individuals with high WMH.
  • Gene enrichment analysis revealed links to neural function, ion transport, and synaptic signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Altered SDI may represent a mechanistic pathway in WMH development and progression.
  • These SDI changes are connected to molecular pathways and cognitive impairments.
  • The study provides a framework for understanding WMH pathophysiology and cognitive decline.