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Antigen-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Specific Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Published on: February 24, 2023
Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Diagnoses of Pediatric Patients Hospitalized During an Outbreak of Mycoplasma
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Insights
Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) is common in hospitalized children. Procalcitonin (PCT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels predict co-infections in children with M. pneumoniae.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Microbiology
Background:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) outbreaks pose a significant public health challenge, particularly in pediatric populations.
- Understanding the prevalence, detection methods, and clinical characteristics of M. pneumoniae infections, including co-infections and antimicrobial resistance, is crucial for effective management.
- Macrolide resistance in M. pneumoniae is an emerging concern, necessitating updated diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the prevalence of M. pneumoniae infections in hospitalized children during an outbreak.
- To investigate discrepancies between multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serological detection methods for M. pneumoniae.
- To compare clinical and laboratory findings in children with M. pneumoniae mono-infections versus co-infections and identify predictors of co-infection.
Main Methods:
- Prospective collection of clinical data, respiratory pathogen information, and laboratory findings from 270 hospitalized children.
- Utilized multiplex PCR and serological methods for M. pneumoniae detection.
- Analyzed co-infections with common respiratory pathogens like adenovirus (ADV) and influenza A virus (FLU A).
- Assessed laboratory markers including procalcitonin (PCT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for predictive value.
Main Results:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections were prevalent in children under 7 years old (54.1%).
- Macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) was detected in 167 of PCR-positive patients, indicating high rates of resistance.
- Adenovirus (ADV) and influenza A virus (FLU A) were the most frequent co-infections.
- Elevated procalcitonin (PCT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were independently predictive of co-infections in M. pneumoniae-infected children.
Conclusions:
- Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant issue in hospitalized children.
- Multiplex PCR and serological methods may show discrepancies in M. pneumoniae detection.
- PCT and LDH serve as valuable biomarkers for predicting co-infections in pediatric M. pneumoniae cases, aiding clinical decision-making.
Abstract:
This study prospectively collected the clinical data, information on respiratory pathogens, and laboratory findings of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumonia) infection who were hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University during the M. pneumoniae outbreak in Hefei City, Anhui Province, China, between October 2023 and December 2023. We analyzed the prevalence of M. pneumoniae infection in hospitalized children during the M. pneumoniae outbreak, discrepancies in the detection of M. pneumoniae by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serological methods, and the differences in clinical characteristics and laboratory results of patients with co-infections of M. pneumoniae and other pathogens with the aim of providing a reference for disease assessment and clinical treatment of M. pneumoniae. A total of 270 children, 146 males and 124 females, were enrolled in the study after screening with the inclusion criteria. The most common co-infections were adenovirus (ADV) (48 cases) and influenza A virus (FLU A) (30 cases). The prevalence of infections was higher in children under the age of 7 years (54.1%). In addition, 167 of the PCR-positive patients were infected with macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP), suggesting that MRMP infections are common in hospitalized children. Levels of procalcitonin (PCT) (OR 15.765 [95% CI, 1.651-150.533], p < 0.017) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR 1.006 [95% CI, 1.003-1.009], p < 0.001) were independently predictive of co-infections in patients infected with M. pneumoniae.
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