Research progress on the structural and anti-colorectal malignant tumor properties of Shikonin

Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Despite the advancements in surgical procedures and treatment options, CRC remains a considerable cause of cancer-related mortality. Shikonin is a naphthoquinone compound that exhibits multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects as well as wound healing promotion. Recently, Shikonin has been increasingly used in basic research on colorectal malignant tumors. Therefore, we explored the mechanisms of action and structural improvements of Shikonin in colorectal cancer through a literature review to provide valuable insights for the advancement of research and development of related pharmaceuticals.