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Non-invasive Assessment of Changes in Corticomotoneuronal Transmission in Humans
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Short-Latency Trigeminocervical Reflex Obtained Without Muscle Activation: Topographic Distribution and

Denise Lima Medeiros de Melo1, Enio Alberto Comerlato1, Eduardo Santos Tavares1

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasília, DF, Brazil ; and.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society
|January 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates short-latency trigeminocervical reflex (TCR) components in cervical muscles without voluntary activation. The 3 Hz stimulation protocol showed reliable TCR responses, particularly in the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Keywords:
Brainstem reflexesTrigeminal reflexesTrigeminocervical reflex

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Area of Science:

  • Neurophysiology
  • Human Reflex Studies

Background:

  • The trigeminocervical reflex (TCR) involves early and late responses in cervical muscles following trigeminal nerve stimulation.
  • Understanding TCR neurophysiology is crucial for diagnosing and managing various neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurophysiological characteristics of short-latency TCR components.
  • To evaluate different electrical stimulation patterns and their effect on TCR.
  • To determine the topographic distribution of TCR in cervical muscles without voluntary activation.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving 30 participants.
  • Simultaneous recording of TCR from bilateral sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, and splenius capitis muscles.
  • Electrical stimulation of supraorbital and infraorbital nerves using 3 Hz and single-pulse protocols.

Main Results:

  • Short-latency TCR responses were observed in ipsilateral and/or contralateral cervical muscles.
  • The 3 Hz stimulation protocol yielded the most reliable responses, especially in the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle.
  • This is the first study to show short-latency TCR in the sternocleidomastoid without voluntary activation in healthy individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The selection of stimulation protocol significantly impacts the recording of short-latency TCR components.
  • Different stimulation methods may preferentially reveal early or late TCR responses.