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Identification of Rht1 for plant height reduction in two wheat mutants and the effects on yield components
Xinshe Zhou1, Qingguo Wang2, Huijun Guo2
1College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/CAEA Research and Development Centre on Nuclear Technology Applications for Irradiation Mutation Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Researchers identified a Rht1 gene mutation causing semi-dwarf wheat. This mutation reduces plant height and grain weight, offering insights for wheat breeding and yield stability.
Area of Science:
- Plant genetics and breeding
- Agricultural science
Background:
- Plant height is crucial for lodging resistance and yield stability in wheat.
- Semi-dwarf varieties are desirable for improved crop management and harvest efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the genetic basis of semi-dwarfism in two wheat mutants (je0370 and je0344).
- To investigate the impact of the identified mutation on plant height and yield components.
Main Methods:
- Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) with exome capture sequencing.
- Genetic linkage analysis and gene sequencing (Rht1).
- Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (CAPS) marker analysis in F2 populations.
Main Results:
- A C-T mutation in the Rht1 gene was identified in both mutants, truncating the DELLA domain.
- Homozygous Rht1 mutations significantly reduced plant height and thousand-grain weight.
- The mutation had minimal impact on spikelet number, effective spike number, and spike length.
Conclusions:
- The Rht1 gene mutation is responsible for the observed semi-dwarf phenotype and reduced grain weight in wheat.
- Understanding Rht1's role provides valuable information for wheat breeding programs aiming for specific plant architectures and yield traits.
