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Chrononutrition patterns and their association with body weight: Differences across multiple chronotypes.

Giovana Longo-Silva1, Renan Serenini2, Anny Pedrosa1

  • 1Research Group 'Chronobiology, Nutrition and Health', Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil.

Endocrinologia, Diabetes Y Nutricion
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Summary

Delaying your first meal and eating later in the day is linked to higher body mass index (BMI), especially for early chronotypes. Understanding chrononutrition patterns can help personalize dietary advice.

Keywords:
Body's internal clockChrononutritionCircadian nutritionCrononutriciónHora de comerMealtimeNutrición circadianaObesidadObesityReloj interno del cuerpo

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Chronobiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity research increasingly considers chrononutrition, the timing of food intake relative to circadian rhythms.
  • Chrononutrition patterns are understudied in low-to-medium income countries.
  • This study investigates chrononutrition and Body Mass Index (BMI) in Brazil.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between chrononutrition patterns and BMI.
  • To explore these associations in a Brazilian population.

Main Methods:

  • Data from the virtual Survey SONAR-Brazil (n=2137, ages 18-65) were analyzed.
  • Chrononutrition patterns included timing of eating events, morning/evening latencies, and eating window.
  • Linear and quantile regression analyses explored associations with BMI.

Main Results:

  • Later first eating event, eating midpoint, and longer morning latency correlated with increased BMI.
  • These associations were more pronounced in individuals with higher BMI percentiles.
  • Early chronotypes showed stronger associations, with later eating linked to higher BMI and earlier evening eating to lower BMI.

Conclusions:

  • Delayed eating patterns (first meal, midpoint, morning latency) are linked to higher BMI, particularly in early chronotypes.
  • Aligning eating patterns with individual chronotypes is crucial for effective weight management.
  • Findings support personalized dietary recommendations based on chrononutrition.