Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Qualitative Analysis01:10

Qualitative Analysis

215
Qualitative analysis is the process of identifying elements, ions, or compounds in an unknown sample. It is the first and most fundamental type of analysis based on the hierarchy of analytical goals. This hierarchy is significant as it provides a structured approach to scientific research, with qualitative analysis serving as the initial step, providing essential information before moving on to quantitative or other forms of analysis.
There are two main approaches to qualitative analysis:...
215
Classification of Titrimetric Analysis Based on Reaction Types01:01

Classification of Titrimetric Analysis Based on Reaction Types

710
Titrimetric analysis in solution chemistry involves measuring the volume of solutions and is often called volumetric analysis. The standard solution of known concentration in the burette is called the titrant, whereas the solution of unknown concentration in the flask is called the analyte, or titrand. Titrimetric analyses can be classified into four types based on the reactions between the titrant and analyte.
Titrations between an acid and a base lead to neutralization reactions that form...
710
Chromatographic Methods: Terminology01:18

Chromatographic Methods: Terminology

1.6K
Chromatography is an analytical technique widely used in fields such as chemistry, biology, environmental science, and pharmaceuticals to separate the components of a mixture and identify substances between them. The process of chromatography is based on the interactions between two distinct phases: the stationary phase and the mobile phase. The stationary phase is fixed in place by a supporting material, while the mobile phase moves over it, carrying the solutes. As the mobile phase travels,...
1.6K
Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

3.8K
Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
3.8K
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

712
Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
712
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

150
Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
150

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An <i>In Situ</i>, Automated High-Explosives Aging Method Utilizing Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

ACS omega·2025
Same author

Energetic Materials as Matrices for MALDI-TOFMS Analysis of High-Molecular-Weight Polyvinylidene Fluoride-<i>co</i>-chlorotrifluoroethylene.

Analytical chemistry·2025
Same author

Development of a Gas Chromatography with High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Methodology for BDNPA/F.

ACS omega·2023
Same author

Chemical Evaluation and Performance Characterization of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate (PETN) under Melt Conditions.

ACS materials Au·2023
Same author

Microstructural and Sensitivity Changes of Neat, Spray-Dried RDX.

ACS omega·2023
Same author

Optimization of Parameters for ROI Data Compression for Nontargeted Analyses Using LC-HRMS.

Analytical chemistry·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Chromatographic Fingerprinting by Template Matching for Data Collected by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
10:14

Chromatographic Fingerprinting by Template Matching for Data Collected by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Published on: September 2, 2020

4.9K

Discovery-Based Analysis for Chemical Trends in Chromatographic Data Sets Using Alteration Analysis and

Matthew J Herman1, Chris E Freye1

  • 1Los Alamos National Laboratory, Q-5, High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|January 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Alteration analysis (ALA) effectively detects subtle chemical changes in complex data, even with low signal-to-noise ratios. This chemometric technique, combined with 2D correlation analysis, reveals significant trends in chromatographic data and polymer analysis.

More Related Videos

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector
07:57

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

19.9K
Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Chromatographic Fingerprinting by Template Matching for Data Collected by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
10:14

Chromatographic Fingerprinting by Template Matching for Data Collected by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Published on: September 2, 2020

4.9K
Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector
07:57

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

19.9K
Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Chemometrics
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Alteration analysis (ALA) is an unsupervised chemometric technique for trend discovery in chromatographic data.
  • Limited adoption of ALA stems from uncertainty about its sensitivity to minor changes and lack of established rules for multivariate data.
  • Multivariate data sets, such as those from liquid or gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, require robust analytical methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the sensitivity and discovery limits of Alteration Analysis (ALA) for chromatographic data.
  • To assess ALA's performance across various signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns), rates of change, and sample sizes using in-silico data.
  • To explore the combined application of ALA and two-dimensional correlation analysis (2DCOR) for enhanced data interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • In-silico datasets were used to assess ALA's detection limits for varying S/Ns, rates of change, and sample numbers.
  • ALA was evaluated for its ability to detect changes in unresolved chromatographic peaks.
  • Two-dimensional correlation analysis (2DCOR) was applied post-ALA to investigate relationships between chemical changes in simulated datasets and a real polymer sample (Kraton G1650).

Main Results:

  • ALA successfully detected minor changes (down to 0.1%) across samples, even at low signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) and with unresolved chromatographic peaks (resolution of 0.01).
  • Application to pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (pyGC-MS) of Kraton G1650 identified 523 statistically significant compounds.
  • Combined ALA and 2DCOR analysis provided insights into the relationships between chemical changes of selected compounds during polymer pyrolysis.

Conclusions:

  • Alteration analysis (ALA) is a sensitive and effective method for discovering statistically significant trends in complex chromatographic data.
  • The combination of ALA with 2DCOR enhances the interpretation of chemical changes in multivariate datasets.
  • ALA and 2DCOR are valuable tools for analyzing complex samples like polymers using techniques such as pyGC-MS.