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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

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Published on: January 7, 2022

Lignin-Derived Activated Carbon as Electrode Material for High-Performance Supercapacitor.

Chenghao Pan^1,2, Yongfeng Ji², Suxia Ren²

¹School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 11, 2025

Summary

Lignin-derived activated carbon (LAC) from papermaking waste offers a sustainable route to high-performance supercapacitors. Optimized LAC materials exhibit excellent capacitance and stability, promoting biomass valorization.

Keywords:

KOH activation activated carbon lignin supercapacitors

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Green Chemistry

Background:

Papermaking industry byproducts, like lignin, present environmental challenges.
Valorization of lignin into advanced materials is crucial for sustainability.
Supercapacitors require efficient and eco-friendly electrode materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize lignin-derived activated carbon (LAC) from enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL).
To investigate the effect of KOH activation parameters on LAC properties.
To evaluate LAC as an electrode material for supercapacitors.

Main Methods:

One-step KOH activation of EHL at varying KOH/EHL ratios and temperatures.
Characterization of microstructure (surface area, pore size distribution).
Electrochemical testing in three-electrode and symmetrical supercapacitor systems.

Main Results:

Optimized LAC (LAC800-4) exhibited a high surface area (2285 m²/g) with a hierarchical porous structure.
LAC800-4 achieved a specific capacitance of 291.3 F/g (three-electrode) and 186.8 F/g (symmetrical system).
Excellent capacitance retention (96.1% after 10,000 cycles) and energy density (6.5 Wh/kg) were recorded.

Conclusions:

Lignin-derived activated carbon is a viable, high-performance electrode material for supercapacitors.
The KOH activation method effectively transforms biomass waste into valuable energy storage materials.
This approach contributes to environmental pollution mitigation and biomass valorization.