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Variations and Asymmetry in Sacral Ventral Rami Contributions to the Bladder.
Rebeccah R Overton1, Istvan P Tamas1, Emily P Day2
1Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Department of Biomedical Education and Data Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2025
Summary
Sacral ventral rami contribute to bladder nerves, with significant anatomical variation. Understanding this nerve variation is key for developing new treatments for bladder dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Urology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Nerve transfer to bladder vesical nerve branches is technically feasible for reinnervation.
- Sacral ventral rami contributions to these vesical branches were previously suggested.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the specific contributions of sacral ventral rami to bladder vesical nerve branches.
- To characterize the anatomical variation in these contributions.
Main Methods:
- Gross post-mortem visualization of 36 pelvic sides in 22 human cadavers.
- Open anterior abdominal approaches.
- Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) of sacral nerve bundles for confirmation.
Main Results:
- Significant anatomical variation in sacral ventral rami contributions to vesical nerves was observed.
- The S3 ventral ramus was the most common contributor, present on the left 100% and right 79% of the time.
- Side-to-side asymmetry in contributions was noted in 71% of examined cadavers.
Conclusions:
- Detailed characterization of sacral ventral rami contributions to the bladder.
- Findings will aid in developing therapeutics for bladder dysfunction.
- Highlights the importance of understanding anatomical variability for surgical planning.
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