Structure and Properties of Al-CNT-Based Composites Manufactured by Different Methods: A Brief Review

Aluminum-carbon nanotube (Al-CNT) composites represent a cutting-edge class of materials characterized by their exceptional mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, making them highly promising for aerospace, automotive, electronics, and energy applications. This review systematically examines the impact of various fabrication methods, including conventional powder metallurgy, diffusion and reaction coupling, as well as adhesive and reaction bonding on the microstructure and performance of Al-CNT composites. The analysis emphasizes the critical role of CNT dispersion, interfacial bonding, and the formation of reinforcing phases, such as Al₄C₃ and Al₂O₃, in determining the mechanical strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability of these materials. The challenges of CNT agglomeration, high production costs, and difficulties in controlling interfacial interactions are highlighted alongside potential solutions, such as surface modifications and reinforcement strategies. The insights presented aim to guide future research and innovation in this rapidly evolving field.