Zn₂SnO₄@SiO₂@5-FU Nanoparticles as an Additive for Maxillary Bone Defects

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Dental Materials

Background:

• Dental maxillofacial reconstruction often utilizes bone fillers with limited therapeutic capabilities.
• Developing advanced materials with enhanced biological functions is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize Zn2SnO4@SiO2@5-FU nanoparticles for use as a multifunctional additive in bone fillers.
• To evaluate the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antitumor potential of the synthesized nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles followed by SiO2 coating and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) incorporation.
• Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
• Evaluation of nanoparticle stability (zeta potential, hydrodynamic diameter), antibacterial activity, antibiofilm efficacy, and cytotoxicity.

Main Results:

• Successful synthesis of Zn2SnO4@SiO2@5-FU nanoparticles with preserved crystallinity and stable morphology.
• SiO2 coating enhanced nanoparticle stability, while 5-FU improved biocompatibility and targeting.
• Demonstrated significant selective efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria and potent inhibition of biofilm formation.
• Exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against A-431 cancer cells, indicating antitumor potential.

Conclusions:

• Zn2SnO4@SiO2@5-FU nanoparticles represent a promising multifunctional additive for bone fillers.
• These nanoparticles offer enhanced antimicrobial and antitumor capabilities for dental maxillofacial reconstruction.
• The study highlights the potential for advanced nanomaterials in improving therapeutic outcomes in regenerative dentistry.