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Comparison Of The Cytotoxic Mechanisms Of Different Garlic (allium Sativum L.) Cultivars With The Crucial Involvement Of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma.

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Comparison Of The Cytotoxic Mechanisms Of Different Garlic (allium Sativum L.) Cultivars With The Crucial Involvement Of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma.

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Comparison of the Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Different Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Cultivars with the Crucial Involvement

Urszula E Binduga¹, Aneta Kopeć², Joanna Skoczylas²

¹Department of Civilization Diseases and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|January 11, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Keywords:

Allium sativum L.PPARγ apoptosis catechin toxicity

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Garlic extracts show varying antioxidant and anticancer effects across cultivars, with Harnaś and Ornak demonstrating higher catechin levels. These compounds influence cell toxicity and gene expression, suggesting health benefits but requiring further research on specific mechanisms.

Area of Science:

Phytochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) possesses numerous bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.
Understanding cultivar-specific effects is crucial for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis induction of four garlic cultivars in cancer and normal cells.
To investigate the impact of garlic extracts on key gene and protein expression.

Main Methods:

Cell-based assays using human squamous carcinoma (SCC-15), colon adenocarcinoma (CACO-2), and normal fibroblasts (BJ).
Analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis.
Quantitative analysis of mRNA and protein expression for PPARγ, LC3A, SOD1, and CAT.

Chromatographic analysis to quantify compounds like catechin.

Main Results:

Garlic extracts exhibited differential toxicity, correlating with ROS production; normal fibroblasts showed lower ROS and toxicity.
Harnaś and Ornak cultivars had the highest catechin levels, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist.
Catechin levels correlated with changes in PPARγ, SOD1, and LC3A expression, suggesting cultivar-specific mechanisms.

Conclusions:

Garlic cultivars display distinct biological activities, with potential anticancer and health-promoting properties.
High catechin content in certain cultivars is linked to specific molecular pathways.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of polyphenols and PPARγ activation in garlic's mechanism of action.