Electrochemical Sensor for Hydrogen Leakage Detection at Room Temperature

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Sensor Technology

Background:

• Hydrogen fuel offers environmental benefits but poses significant safety risks due to its flammability and detectability challenges.
• Existing hydrogen detection methods may lack the speed, accuracy, or operational simplicity required for real-time safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and characterize an electrochemical sensor for rapid and accurate detection of hydrogen (H2) gas leakage.
• To present the design and key components of a sensor system optimized for safety applications.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a sensing element using a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with Vulcan XC72 40% Pt catalyst and Nafion 117 membrane.
• Integration of the sensing element within a CR2016 coin cell housing.
• Utilizing an INA111 instrumentation operational amplifier for electrical signal conditioning.

Main Results:

• The electrochemical sensor operates effectively at room temperature, eliminating the need for a heater.
• Achieved a maximum amperometric response time of 1 second and a recovery time of 1 second.
• Demonstrated detection of hydrogen concentrations across an extended range, up to 20%.

Conclusions:

• The developed electrochemical sensor provides a viable solution for real-time hydrogen leak detection.
• Its rapid response, room-temperature operation, and wide detection range enhance safety protocols for hydrogen fuel systems.