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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

58
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Identifying Distinct Developmental Patterns of Brain Complexity in Autism: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Analysis Using

I-Jou Chi1, Shih-Jen Tsai1,2, Chun-Houh Chen3

  • 1Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
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Autistic individuals show distinct brain complexity patterns across development. Age-related brain complexity changes may serve as neurodevelopmental markers for autism, highlighting neurodiversity.

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autism spectrum disorderbrain complexitydevelopmental trajectoriesfunctional magnetic resonance imagingsample entropy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Autism Research

Background:

  • Autism exhibits neurodiversity with evolving behaviors across development.
  • Brain complexity theory offers a framework for understanding neural activity dynamics.
  • Previous research has not fully explored age-related brain complexity in autism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate developmental trajectories of brain complexity in autistic individuals.
  • To compare brain complexity patterns in autistic and neurotypical individuals from childhood to adulthood.
  • To identify potential neurodevelopmental markers related to autism's dynamic nature.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 1087 autistic and neurotypical participants (ages 6-30) from the ABIDE I dataset.
  • Calculation of sample entropy to quantify brain complexity across 90 brain regions.
  • Utilized sliding age windows and cluster analysis to identify developmental trajectories and regional patterns.

Main Results:

  • Autistic individuals exhibited potential shifts towards higher whole-brain complexity in adolescence and lower complexity in childhood/adulthood, though not all results were statistically significant after correction.
  • Identified two distinct clusters of brain regions with unique age-related complexity changes.
  • Found correlations between regional brain complexity, age, and autistic traits.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified specific brain complexity trajectories in autistic individuals.
  • Age-related changes in brain complexity may represent a neurodevelopmental marker for autism.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the neurodiversity and dynamic nature of autism across the lifespan.