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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Biophysical Characterization of Flagellar Motor Functions
Published on: January 18, 2017
FOF1-ATPase Biomolecular Motor: Structure, Motility Manipulations, and Biomedical Applications
Xuhui Zhou1,2, Miao Sun1, Xiu Yang1
1College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China.
Abstract:
Biomolecular motors are dynamic systems found in organisms with high energy conversion efficiency. FOF1-ATPase is a rotary biomolecular motor known for its near 100% energy conversion efficiency. It utilizes the synthesis and hydrolysis of ATP to induce conformational changes in motor proteins, thereby converting chemical energy into mechanical motion. Given their high efficiency, autonomous propulsion capability, and modifiable structures, FOF1-ATPase motors have attracted significant attention for potential biomedical applications. This Review aims to introduce the detailed structure of FOF1-ATPase, explore various motility manipulation strategies, and summarize its applications in biological detection and cargo delivery. Additionally, innovative research methods are proposed to analyze the motion mechanism of FOF1-ATPase more comprehensively, with the goal of advancing its biomedical applications. Finally, this Review concludes with key insights and future perspectives.
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