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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
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Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum01:34

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker
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RBBP6 anchors pre-mRNA 3' end processing to nuclear speckles for efficient gene expression.

Yoseop Yoon1, Elodie Bournique2, Lindsey V Soles1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

Molecular Cell
|January 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nuclear speckles (NSs) are key sites for pre-mRNA 3' processing in human cells. The protein RBBP6 links this essential mRNA biogenesis step to NSs, enhancing gene expression coordination.

Keywords:
biomolecular condensatecleavage and polyadenylationgene expressionintrinsically disordered regionmembraneless organellenuclear specklephase separationpre-mRNA 3′ end processingtranscription termination

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A Rapid High-throughput Method for Mapping Ribonucleoproteins RNPs on Human pre-mRNA
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Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) 3' processing is crucial for mRNA biogenesis.
  • The precise nuclear location of pre-mRNA 3' processing has remained elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the nuclear sites of pre-mRNA 3' processing.
  • To investigate the role of nuclear speckles (NSs) in this process.
  • To elucidate the function of retinoblastoma-binding protein 6 (RBBP6) in pre-mRNA 3' processing at NSs.

Main Methods:

  • Demonstration of RBBP6 association with NSs via its intrinsically disordered region (IDR).
  • In vitro pre-mRNA 3' processing assays using RBBP6 N-terminal domain (NTD).
  • Proximity labeling analyses to map pre-mRNA 3' processing sites relative to NSs.

Main Results:

  • Nuclear speckles (NSs) are identified as major sites for pre-mRNA 3' processing in human cells.
  • RBBP6 strongly associates with NSs through its C-terminal IDR, which is essential for efficient cellular processing.
  • Pre-mRNA 3' processing for over 50% of genes occurs in proximity to NSs.

Conclusions:

  • Nuclear speckles act as hubs coordinating transcription, splicing, and 3' processing.
  • NS localization of RBBP6 is critical for efficient pre-mRNA 3' processing in vivo.
  • This spatial organization enhances the coordination and efficiency of gene expression.