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Biogas upgrading using aqueous bamboo-derived activated carbons.

Yifeng Chen1, Haoran Yin2, Shitao Wen1

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Bamboo-derived activated carbons (BACs) show promise for biogas upgrading by efficiently separating carbon dioxide (CO2) from methane (CH4). These novel sorbents could significantly reduce biogas upgrading costs.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Efficient carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) separation is essential for purifying biogas.
  • Biogas upgrading technologies aim to increase methane content for energy applications.
  • Activated carbons derived from biomass offer a sustainable platform for gas separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate bamboo-derived activated carbons (BACs) as hybrid sorbents for CO2/CH4 separation.
  • To investigate the impact of potassium hydroxide (KOH)/bamboo charcoal (BC) ratios on sorbent performance.
  • To assess the economic viability of using aqueous BACs for biogas upgrading.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of BACs using varying KOH/BC mass ratios.
  • Measurement of CO2 and CH4 gas solubility and sorption rates.
  • Calculation of Henry's constant, liquid-side mass-transfer coefficient, and CO2/CH4 selectivity.
  • Evaluation of sorbent performance using a novel comprehensive index.
  • Estimation and comparison of biogas upgrading costs.

Main Results:

  • Aqueous BACs demonstrated effective CO2/CH4 separation capabilities.
  • The sorbent prepared with a 2:1 KOH/BC mass ratio exhibited superior performance.
  • The comprehensive performance of the optimized aqueous BAC was 4.2 times higher than water.
  • A potential cost reduction of 65.0% for biogas upgrading was identified.

Conclusions:

  • Bamboo-derived activated carbons are effective hybrid sorbents for CO2/CH4 separation in biogas upgrading.
  • Optimized aqueous BACs offer a cost-effective alternative to current commercial technologies.
  • This approach presents a sustainable and economically viable solution for biogas purification.