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Occupation and 11-year lung function decline in the HUNT Study.

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Occupational titles impact lung function decline. Agricultural workers and machine operators showed greater forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) loss, highlighting the need for workplace preventive measures.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Lung function decline association with occupations is understudied using longitudinal data.
  • Preventive measures are crucial for mitigating occupational lung disease risks.
  • Updated estimates on occupational lung function changes are necessary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate longitudinal changes in lung function across various occupations.
  • To analyze the decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) z-score over an 11-year period.
  • To assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases in relation to occupation.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based prospective cohort study (Trøndelag Health Study, HUNT3 and HUNT4).
  • Analysis of longitudinal spirometry data (FEV1 z-score) in 3800 working adults over 11 years.
  • Mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, and smoking; assessment of respiratory symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Agricultural workers and 'drivers and mobile plant operators' exhibited greater FEV1 decline compared to white-collar workers.
  • Sex-stratified analysis revealed significant declines in men in these occupations and in 'machine operators and assemblers' among women.
  • Prevalence of work-related respiratory symptoms was higher in blue-collar (14%) than white-collar workers (6%).

Conclusions:

  • While modest, occupational differences in lung function decline exist in Norway.
  • Certain occupations, including agriculture and machine operation, pose risks for lung function deterioration.
  • Continuous implementation of preventive strategies in high-risk occupations is recommended.