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Related Concept Videos

Arrhenius Plots02:34

Arrhenius Plots

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The Arrhenius equation relates the activation energy and the rate constant, k, for chemical reactions. In the Arrhenius equation, k = Ae−Ea/RT, R is the ideal gas constant, which has a value of 8.314 J/mol·K, T is the temperature on the kelvin scale, Ea is the activation energy in J/mole, e is the constant 2.7183, and A is a constant called the frequency factor, which is related to the frequency of collisions and the orientation of the reacting molecules.
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Multi-Step Reactions

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Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs. Each of the steps in a reaction mechanism is called an elementary reaction. These...
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Relative Stabilities of Alkenes01:59

Relative Stabilities of Alkenes

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The relative stability of alkenes can be determined by comparing their heats of hydrogenation. The lower heat of hydrogenation indicates the more stable alkene.  The three main factors determining the relative stability of alkenes are i) the number of substituents attached to the double-bond carbon atoms, ii) hyperconjugation, and iii) the stereochemistry of the double bond.
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Reaction Rate02:53

Reaction Rate

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The rate of reaction is the change in the amount of a reactant or product per unit time. Reaction rates are therefore determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates of reactions that consume or produce gaseous substances, for example, are conveniently determined by measuring changes in volume or pressure.
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Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

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The low reactivity in alkanes can be attributed to the non-polar nature of C–C and C–H σ bonds. Alkanes, therefore, were  initially termed as “paraffins,” derived from the Latin words: parum, meaning “too little,” and affinis, meaning “affinity.”
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Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient01:24

Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient

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Activity is the measure of the effective concentration of the species in solution. It can be expressed as the product of the molar concentration of the species and its activity coefficient. The activity coefficient is a dimensionless quantity and depends on the total ionic strength of the solution.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Anaerobic Protein Purification and Kinetic Analysis via Oxygen Electrode for Studying DesB Dioxygenase Activity and Inhibition
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Activity-Stability Relationships in Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Wonchul Park1, Dong Young Chung1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.

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Summary

Developing stable and active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is key for sustainable energy. This study examines the activity-stability trade-off in OER catalysts, offering design strategies for improved performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Energy

Background:

  • The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is vital for renewable energy technologies like water splitting.
  • Current OER catalysts face challenges in balancing high activity with long-term stability, limiting practical applications.
  • Understanding the complex interplay between catalyst properties and reaction conditions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the inverse relationship between catalytic activity and stability in OER catalysts.
  • To provide a comprehensive framework for understanding OER catalyst performance mechanisms.
  • To propose strategies for designing next-generation OER catalysts with enhanced durability and activity.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of experimental and theoretical studies on OER catalysts.
  • Analysis of electrode performance in acidic and alkaline media.
  • Examination of electrochemical conditions influencing catalyst behavior.

Main Results:

  • Identified inverse trends between OER catalyst activity and stability across various conditions.
  • Highlighted the impact of electrode material and electrolyte composition on performance.
  • Provided mechanistic insights into the factors governing the activity-stability trade-off.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving high OER activity and long-term stability simultaneously remains a significant challenge.
  • Rational catalyst design requires a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms and material-electrolyte interactions.
  • Future OER catalyst development should focus on strategies that mitigate degradation while maintaining high catalytic efficiency.