The interplay of heart rate variability and ventricular repolarization parameters in the obese state: a review

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Metabolic Disorders
• Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

• Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
• Obesity is associated with structural and functional changes in the heart.
• Autonomic nervous system imbalance is a known complication of obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the impact of obesity on heart rate variability (HRV).
• To examine the effects of obesity on ventricular repolarization.
• To identify potential early markers of cardiac dysfunction in obese individuals.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on obesity, HRV, and ventricular repolarization.
• Analysis of studies measuring anthropometric indices (BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio).
• Evaluation of electrocardiographic parameters including QT interval and Tpeak-to-Tend (Tpe) interval.

Main Results:

• Obesity is linked to reduced heart rate variability (HRV), indicating autonomic imbalance.
• Obese individuals show prolonged QT and Tpeak-to-Tend (Tpe) intervals.
• These repolarization abnormalities suggest delayed ventricular recovery and increased arrhythmia risk.

Conclusions:

• Obesity significantly impairs cardiac autonomic function and ventricular repolarization.
• Prolonged QT and Tpe intervals may serve as early indicators of cardiac dysfunction in obesity.
• Early interventions targeting obesity are crucial for mitigating cardiovascular risks.