Endothelin-based markers for endothelial dysfunction in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Oncology
• Biomarker Discovery

Background:

• Current cardiac biomarkers like troponins and brain natriuretic peptide have limitations in predicting chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.
• Existing biomarkers do not offer early predictive value, leading to irreversible cardiac injury in cancer survivors.
• Endothelial dysfunction assessment is crucial for early detection of cardiotoxicity at the vascular level.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current blood-based cardiac biomarkers.
• To discuss the potential of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its peptide fragments as biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction.
• To explore ET-1, endothelin-like domain peptide (ELDP), and C-terminal pro-endothelin-1 (CT-proET-1) as prospective predictive biomarkers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current cardiac biomarkers.
• Analysis of studies evaluating troponins and brain natriuretic peptide in cardiotoxicity.
• Discussion of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its related peptides (ELDP, CT-proET-1) for endothelial dysfunction and cardiotoxicity prediction.

Main Results:

• Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its stable peptide fragments, ELDP and CT-proET-1, show potential as sensitive biomarkers.
• ELDP and CT-proET-1 possess higher sensitivity and longer clearance rates compared to ET-1.
• These biomarkers may offer earlier prognostic value for detecting cardiotoxicity.

Conclusions:

• Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its peptide fragments (ELDP, CT-proET-1) are promising for early detection of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.
• Further research is needed to fully understand ELDP's role in vasoconstriction and its clinical application.
• These biomarkers could aid in identifying at-risk patients and preventing chronic cardiotoxicities.