The Exposome, Social Determinants, and Environmental Pollution: Comprehensive Cardiovascular Risk in Women

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Cardiology
• Sociology

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health issue for women.
• Risk is influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors.
• The exposome concept offers a framework to understand cumulative exposures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine cardiovascular risk in women through the lens of the exposome.
• To explore the role of social determinants and environmental exposures.
• To identify factors contributing to women's vulnerability to CVD.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on CVD risk factors in women.
• Analysis of the exposome, including pollution, diet, and stress.
• Consideration of social determinants like socioeconomic status and education.

Main Results:

• Lower socioeconomic status and education correlate with increased CVD risk.
• Environmental pollution (air, climate change) exacerbates cardiovascular risk.
• Gender-specific factors (pregnancy, menopause) interact with exposome, increasing vulnerability.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive approach is needed to address CVD in women.
• Public health strategies should target pollution, food security, and social inequalities.
• Understanding cumulative exposures is crucial for effective CVD prevention in women.