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Assessing Bacteriological Profiles and Targeting Resistant Bacterial Superbugs to Develop an Antibiogram Aiding in
Bhargavi M1, Karthikeyan R1, Kumar B2
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, IND.
Cureus
|January 13, 2025
Summary
Multi-drug resistant bacteria cause difficult-to-treat post-surgical infections. Creating a local antibiogram helps guide effective antibiotic selection to combat these superbugs.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Infections
Background:
- Post-surgical infections are increasingly complicated by multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, termed superbugs.
- These infections lead to higher morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, impacting surgical outcomes.
- Effective antimicrobial therapy selection is crucial for managing these resistant pathogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and isolate bacterial pathogens responsible for post-surgical infections.
- To determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of isolated bacterial strains.
- To develop a local antibiogram to guide appropriate antibiotic selection for surgical infections.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cross-sectional study involving 738 patients at Government General Hospital, Nellore.
- Bacterial identification using Gram staining and biochemical tests.
- Antibiotic susceptibility testing via disk diffusion method to establish resistance patterns.
Main Results:
- Surgical Site Infections (SSI) were identified in 324 out of 738 patients.
- Staphylococcus (28.6%) and Escherichia coli (21.3%) were the predominant organisms.
- High resistance to commonly used cephalosporins was observed, with Gentamicin showing greater sensitivity.
Conclusions:
- Surgical infections are significantly influenced by wound contamination and emergency procedures.
- The study highlights the challenge of treating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms.
- Implementing local antibiograms is recommended to optimize antibiotic use and reduce the spread of resistant bacteria.
