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Related Experiment Videos

Low concentrations of antibiotics.

V Lorian

    The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Low antibiotic concentrations change bacterial structure and virulence. This modification enhances bacterial clearance by immune cells and can lead to effective treatment of infections by inhibiting bacterial adherence.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Pharmacology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Sub-lethal antibiotic concentrations can alter bacterial morphology and ultrastructure.
    • Beta-lactam antibiotics induce distinct morphological changes in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
    • Antibiotic-induced bacterial modifications affect their interaction with host immune systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of low antibiotic concentrations on bacterial morphology, ultrastructure, and virulence.
    • To examine the phagocytosis of antibiotic-modified bacteria by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).
    • To explore the therapeutic potential of sub-inhibitory antibiotic concentrations in treating bacterial infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Exposure of bacteria (e.g., staphylococci, Escherichia coli) to low concentrations of antibiotics.
    • Microscopic examination of bacterial morphology and ultrastructure.
    • Assessment of bacterial phagocytosis by PMNs.
    • Evaluation of bacterial metabolite changes and virulence.
    • Clinical assessment of urinary tract infections treated with low-dose ampicillin.

    Main Results:

    • Low antibiotic concentrations altered bacterial morphology (e.g., large cocci, long filaments).
    • Antibiotic-modified bacteria, particularly E. coli filaments, were more efficiently phagocytosed and killed by PMNs.
    • Sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics altered bacterial metabolite synthesis and excretion, impacting virulence.
    • Low-dose ampicillin (10 mg/day) effectively cured urinary infections, attributed to inhibited bacterial adherence.

    Conclusions:

    • Sub-inhibitory antibiotic concentrations significantly impact bacterial characteristics, including morphology, ultrastructure, and virulence.
    • Antibiotic-induced bacterial modifications can enhance their susceptibility to host immune defenses.
    • Low-dose antibiotic therapy, by inhibiting bacterial adherence, shows promise for treating infections.

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