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Anti-Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Bacteriophage Loaded Electrospun Fibers for Antibacterial Wound Dressings

Tian Ju1, Jixuan Li1, Andrew Weston1

  • 1UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|January 13, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat. This study embeds bacteriophages into electrospun fibers for potential wound infection treatment, showing promising stability and controlled release for combating resistant bacteria.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microbiology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance, particularly from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Conventional antibiotic treatments for infected wounds are often ineffective against resistant bacterial strains.
  • Bacteriophages, viruses that target specific bacteria, offer a promising alternative to antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To incorporate anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa Neko phages into electrospun fibers for potential wound dressing applications.
  • To evaluate the stability and release characteristics of phages within different electrospun fiber configurations.
  • To assess the antibacterial efficacy of phage-loaded electrospun materials.

Main Methods:

  • Monoaxial and coaxial electrospinning techniques were used to create fibers incorporating bacteriophages.
  • Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and PVP/ethyl cellulose (EC) were utilized as fiber materials.
  • Phage stability was assessed after storage at -20°C, and release kinetics were studied by varying shell composition.
  • Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated using isothermal calorimetry.

Main Results:

  • Coaxial electrospun fibers demonstrated good phage stability, with minimal titer loss after six months of storage at -20°C.
  • Phage release profiles could be modulated by altering the shell composition of the coaxial fibers, enabling immediate or extended release.
  • Electrospinning did not compromise the antibacterial efficacy of the bacteriophages, as confirmed by isothermal calorimetry.

Conclusions:

  • Phage-loaded electrospun fibers, particularly coaxial configurations, show potential as stable and effective wound dressing materials.
  • Controlled phage release can be achieved by tailoring the fiber shell composition.
  • Further investigation into these phage-loaded fibers is warranted for their development as advanced wound care solutions.
Keywords:
bacteriophagecoaxial electrospinningethyl cellulose (EC)isothermal calorimetrypolyvinyl alcohol (PVA)polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)pseudomonas aeruginosa

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