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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?
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Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Aptamer-Targeting Porous Silicon Nanocarrier.

Ankit Malhotra1, Pouya Dehghankelishadi1, Ishdeep Kaur1

  • 1Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

New aptamer-decorated porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) offer targeted delivery for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) chemotherapy. This approach reduces side effects by concentrating treatment in cancer cells, showing promise for improved TNBC therapy.

Keywords:
aptamernanoparticlesporous silicontargeted drug deliverytriple-negative breast cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatments face challenges due to severe side effects from chemotherapeutic biodistribution.
  • Targeted nanocarriers are needed to improve drug delivery and minimize toxicity in TNBC therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate aptamer-decorated porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) as targeted nanocarriers for TNBC treatment.
  • To investigate the cellular uptake mechanism and therapeutic efficacy of these targeted pSiNPs loaded with doxorubicin (Dox).

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of TNBC-targeting aptamer-functionalized pSiNPs using a "salt-aging" strategy.
  • Loading of doxorubicin (Dox) into pSiNPs and assessment of pH-dependent release kinetics.
  • Investigation of cellular uptake via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and colocalization studies in MCF10Ca1h TNBC cells.

Main Results:

  • Aptamer-pSiNP conjugates demonstrated high colloidal stability and efficient Dox loading (179 ± 5 μg/mg).
  • Targeted pSiNPs accumulated in TNBC cell lysosomes, causing swelling and membrane destabilization.
  • Dox-loaded aptamer-pSiNPs significantly reduced TNBC cell viability (11.8 ± 1.5%) with low toxicity to healthy cells in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer-decorated pSiNPs represent a promising targeted delivery system for TNBC chemotherapy.
  • The developed nanocarrier system effectively targets TNBC cells, enhances drug efficacy, and minimizes systemic toxicity.
  • Further preclinical investigation of aptamer-pSiNP conjugates for TNBC treatment is warranted.