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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.Fatty acids tails of phospholipids can be either saturated or...
Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is a relatively...
Mechanisms of Membrane-bending01:15

Mechanisms of Membrane-bending

The living membranes are flexible due to their fluid mosaic nature; however, their bending into different shapes is an active process regulated by specific lipids and proteins. The membrane bending can be transient as seen in vesicles or stable for a long time as in microvilli. Cells regulate the size, location, and duration of the membrane curvature.
Membrane bending can happen due to intrinsic changes in lipid composition or extrinsic association with different proteins. The proteins involved...

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Flexible and Robust Piezoelectric Chitosan Films with Enhanced Bioactivity.

Srishti Chakraborty1, Souvik Debnath1, Kailas Mahipal Malappuram1

  • 1Department of Material Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.

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This study developed a durable chitosan (CHT) film that maintains its structure in water for 30 days. This enhanced piezoelectric biomaterial generates electricity from movement and exhibits antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Materials Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Chitosan (CHT) is a piezoelectric biomacromolecule with potential applications in wearable devices.
  • However, its rapid degradation in aqueous environments limits its practical use.
  • Developing stable and functional chitosan-based materials is crucial for advanced biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the stability and mechanical properties of chitosan films for biomedical applications.
  • To investigate the piezoelectric properties and energy harvesting capabilities of the modified chitosan film.
  • To evaluate the bioactivity, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and cellular responses under ultrasound stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • Chitosan films were prepared using a solvent casting method.
  • Alkaline cross-linking with sodium hydroxide was employed to improve stability and mechanical strength.
  • Piezoelectric output, degradation resistance, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and cellular responses under ultrasound stimulation were systematically evaluated.

Main Results:

  • The cross-linked chitosan film demonstrated enhanced stability, remaining intact in aqueous environments for 30 days.
  • A gradual increase in output voltage from 0.9 to 1.8 V was observed under applied forces ranging from 1 to 16 N.
  • The material exhibited significant antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, along with enhanced cellular proliferation and migration under ultrasound stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • This work presents a robust, biocompatible, and wearable chitosan film with improved stability and piezoelectric properties.
  • The developed material can effectively convert biomechanical energy into electrical pulses.
  • These electrical pulses can modulate cell fate processes and other bioactivities, highlighting its potential for advanced biomedical devices.