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An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Published on: December 10, 2013
Inpatient service utilization amongst infants diagnosed with Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection (RSV) in the
Jason R Gantenberg1,2, Kathryn D Thompson1,3, Robertus van Aalst1,4
1Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States of America.
Insights
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations in infants often involve chest imaging and ICU stays. Palivizumab-eligible infants utilized more healthcare services and had longer hospitalizations during their first RSV season.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Healthcare
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a primary cause of infant hospitalizations in the U.S.
- Understanding healthcare service utilization during infant RSV hospitalizations is crucial for resource allocation and intervention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe services and procedures received by infants hospitalized for their first RSV episode.
- To determine the mortality rate among infants during their first RSV hospitalization.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study using three administrative claims datasets.
- Analysis of infants born between July 2016 and February 2020 hospitalized for their first RSV season.
- Stratification into healthy term, palivizumab-eligible, and other comorbidity groups.
Main Results:
- Chest imaging was the most common procedure (34-38%).
- Approximately 25% of infants were admitted to the ICU, with median hospital stays of 3-4 days (4-6 days with ICU admission).
- Palivizumab-eligible infants showed higher healthcare service utilization and longer hospital/ICU stays compared to other groups.
Conclusions:
- Insights into healthcare service utilization during infant RSV hospitalizations are provided.
- Understanding these patterns can improve management and resource allocation for better infant outcomes and reduced costs.
- Under-ascertainment of ventilation and oxygen services in claims data limits comprehensive outcome analysis.
Introduction:
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization among US infants. Characterizing service utilization during infant RSV hospitalizations may provide important information for prioritizing resources and interventions.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to describe the procedures and services received by infants hospitalized during their first RSV episode in their first RSV season, in addition to what proportion of infants died during this hospitalization.
Methods:
In this retrospective observational study, we analyzed three different administrative claims datasets to examine healthcare service utilization during RSV hospitalizations among infants. The study population included infants born between July 2016 and February 2020 who experienced an RSV episode during their first RSV season and had an associated inpatient hospitalization. We stratified infants into three comorbidity groups: healthy term, palivizumab-eligible, and other comorbidities. Outcomes included extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, supplemental oxygen use (in-hospital and post-discharge), mechanical ventilation (invasive and non-invasive), chest imaging, infant mortality, length of inpatient stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and number of days in the ICU.
Results:
Chest imaging was the most frequently administered procedure during RSV-associated hospitalizations, with approximately 34-38% of infants receiving it. Around one-quarter of infants were admitted to the ICU during their first RSV hospitalization. Median lengths of stay in the hospital were 3-4 days, extending to 4-6 days in the presence of ICU admission. Palivizumab-eligible infants had higher utilization of healthcare services and spent more time in the hospital or ICU compared to healthy infants or those with other comorbidities.
Conclusions:
This study provides insights into the utilization of healthcare services during RSV hospitalizations among infants. Understanding service utilization patterns can aid in improved management and resource allocation for infants in the United States, ultimately contributing to better outcomes and reduced healthcare costs overall. However, likely under-ascertainment of ventilation and oxygen-related services in insurance claims remains an impediment to studying these outcomes.
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