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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

951
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
951
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

869
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
869
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

931
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
931
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

1.2K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
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Angle-controlled strong and weak coupling in photon molecules.

Feng Xiao1,2, Xiaoqiuyan Zhang3,4,5, Yueying Wang1,2

  • 1Terahertz Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.

Scientific Reports
|January 13, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate angle-controlled strong light-matter coupling in tunable terahertz (THz) metamaterials. This tunable photon molecule system enables precise control over light-matter interactions for advanced applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Metamaterials
  • Strong Light-Matter Interactions

Background:

  • Strong light-matter coupling is crucial for developing novel photonic devices.
  • Tunable terahertz (THz) metamaterials offer potential for advanced sensors and modulators.
  • Hybridized states emerge from strong coupling in photon molecule systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate angle-controlled coupling strength in a tunable photon molecule system.
  • To explore the transition from weak to strong coupling via external control.
  • To establish a new platform for actively manipulating light-matter interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized scattering-type scanning near-field microscopy (s-SNOM).
  • Employed a tunable photon molecule system comprising a waveguide and a ribbon structure.
  • Varied the in-plane angle between the ribbon and incident light to control coupling.

Main Results:

  • Achieved angle-controlled coupling strength ranging from 0.03 to 0.08 THz.
  • Demonstrated the system's transition from weak to strong coupling regimes.
  • Validated the effectiveness of the angle-tuning mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents a novel platform for active control of strong light-matter interactions.
  • Angle-controlled tuning of coupling strength is feasible in THz metamaterial systems.
  • This work paves the way for advanced applications in strong coupling regimes.