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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

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The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
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Urinary Bladder01:23

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
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The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

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Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
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Neural Regulation01:37

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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2025

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
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[Neurological diagnosis of lower urinary tract dysfunction].

Uta Kliesch1, André Reitz2

  • 1Neurologie Zentralschweiz AG, Maria-Hilf-Strasse 9, 6430, Schwyz, Schweiz. uta.kliesch@hin.ch.

Urologie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|January 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Neurophysiological tests, including pudendal nerve somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP) and external anal sphincter electromyography (EMG), improve the diagnosis of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). These methods aid in precise localization and personalized treatment strategies for complex cases.

Keywords:
Anal sphincterElectromyographyMultiple system atrophySomatosensory evoked potentialsUrodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Neurophysiology
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) diagnosis infrequently incorporates neurophysiological investigations.
  • Systemic neurological and psychosomatic disorders can influence LUTS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of neurophysiological assessments in diagnosing LUTS.
  • To explore the integration of these assessments with neurological and psychosomatic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pudendal nerve somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP) and external anal sphincter electromyography (EMG).
  • Presented two clinical case reports to illustrate the application of these pelvic floor neurophysiological tests.

Main Results:

  • Combined neurophysiological tests with clinical history, physical examination, and urodynamics enhance diagnostic precision and topographic localization of LUTS.
  • Integration with imaging like MRI enables definitive diagnoses and tailored therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Increased use of specific neurophysiological methods is recommended for LUTS diagnosis, especially in complex cases.
  • This approach improves diagnostic accuracy and supports personalized, efficient therapeutic interventions.