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Current Scenario in Associating Clinical COVID-19 Biomarkers for Developing Surveillance Platforms
Thangavel Lakshmipriya1, Subash C B Gopinath1,2,3,4,5, Yeng Chen6
1Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
Insights
Developing sensitive and affordable COVID-19 diagnostic systems is crucial for early detection. Nanomaterial-based biosensors offer promising new avenues for accurate coronavirus detection, overcoming limitations of current tests.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Infectious Disease Diagnostics
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by a novel coronavirus, presents unique global health challenges.
- Existing diagnostic methods like real-time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and antibody tests have limitations, including time delays and potential false positives.
- There is a critical need for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective COVID-19 detection methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advancements in COVID-19 diagnostic systems, focusing on nanomaterial-based sensing devices.
- To explore potential coronavirus biomarkers and their application in biosensors for early detection.
- To provide an analytical perspective on the development of novel diagnostic tools.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on COVID-19 diagnostics and nanomaterial applications.
- Analysis of clinical markers and their integration into biosensor platforms.
- Exploration of sensing devices for early coronavirus detection.
Main Results:
- Nanomaterials offer significant potential for developing highly sensitive and affordable COVID-19 diagnostic systems.
- Early detection strategies are being advanced through novel sensing devices.
- This work enhances understanding of potential biomarkers and analytical approaches for biosensors.
Conclusions:
- Nanomaterial-based biosensors represent a promising frontier for accurate and rapid COVID-19 diagnosis.
- Continued research into biomarkers and sensor technology is vital for combating the pandemic.
- Developing cost-effective and sensitive diagnostic tools is essential for global health security.
Abstract:
The novel coronavirus that caused the epidemic and pandemic resulting in the acute respiratory illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has plagued the world. This is unlike other coronavirus outbreaks that have occurred in the past, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) or severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). COVID-19 has spread more quickly and posed special challenges due to the lack of appropriate treatments and vaccines. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and rapid antibody tests (surveillance tests) are the two most used tests (confirmation tests). However, the latter takes hours to complete, and the former may produce false positives. Scientists have invested significant effort to create a COVID-19 diagnostic system that is both highly sensitive and reasonably priced. Early detection of COVID-19 is a major area of focus for sensing devices based on nanomaterials. This overview enhanced insights into potential coronavirus biomarkers and, compared to earlier studies, introduced new avenues. Further, it covers the development of COVID-19 diagnostic systems from an analytical point of view, including clinical markers and their subsequent applications with biosensors.
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