Immunogenicity of bivalent versus monovalent mRNA booster vaccination among adult paramedics in Canada who had received three prior mRNA wild-type doses
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.New mRNA booster vaccines targeting Omicron variants (BA.1, BA.4/5) show improved immune response, particularly in individuals without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. The BA.1 vaccine demonstrated higher ACE2 inhibition compared to the wild-type vaccine.
Area Of Science
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Virology
Background
- Comparative immunogenicity of mRNA booster vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants remains under investigation.
- Understanding the immune response to wild-type (WT), BA.1, and BA.4/5 directed mRNA vaccines is crucial for public health strategies.
Purpose Of The Study
- To compare the immunogenicity of different mRNA booster vaccines (WT, BA.1-WT bivalent, BA.4/5-WT bivalent) based on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibition against the BA.4/5 antigen.
- To assess if SARS-CoV-2 infection status influences vaccine effectiveness.
Main Methods
- Blood samples from 158 adult paramedics who received a fourth mRNA vaccine dose were analyzed.
- Vaccine groups included WT monovalent, Moderna BA.1-WT bivalent, and Pfizer BA.4/5-WT bivalent.
- Optimal pair matching was used to balance groups by age, sex, infection history, and time interval; ACE2 inhibition was measured and compared using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.
Main Results
- Overall, the BA.1-WT bivalent vaccine showed higher ACE2 inhibition compared to the WT monovalent vaccine (P=0.002).
- No significant differences were found between BA.4/5-WT and WT, or between BA.1-WT and BA.4/5-WT vaccines.
- In individuals without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, BA.1-WT showed higher ACE2 inhibition than WT (P=0.003).
- Combined BA.1 and BA.4/5 vaccines demonstrated higher ACE2 inhibition than WT (P=0.003).
Conclusions
- Omicron-directed mRNA vaccines enhance Omicron-specific immunogenicity.
- This improvement in immunogenicity appears primarily beneficial for individuals naive to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Further research may be needed to fully elucidate the comparative effectiveness in diverse populations.
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