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Related Concept Videos

Hearing

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.

The Cochlea

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2025

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

Reversing Cochlear Nucleus Maladaptive Plasticity via Customized Extracochlear Stimulation: A New Approach for

Min Chen^1,2, Shuwen Fan^1,2, Jiabao Mao^1,2

¹ENT Institute and Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|January 14, 2025

Summary

Electrical stimulation (ES) via cochlear implants (CIs) may relieve tinnitus by reversing brain changes. A new, safer extracochlear ES method also shows promise for tinnitus treatment.

Keywords:

cochlear implants cochlear nucleus gap pre‐pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle maladaptive plasticity tinnitus

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Author Spotlight: Optimizing EAS with Long Electrodes for Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation

Author Spotlight: Optimizing EAS with Long Electrodes for Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation

Published on: October 11, 2024

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Otolaryngology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Tinnitus affects many globally, with limited treatments.
Cochlear implants (CIs) offer tinnitus relief, but mechanisms are unclear.
Intracochlear methods risk cochlear damage.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate if electrical stimulation (ES) reverses tinnitus-related brain changes.
Evaluate a novel extracochlear ES for tinnitus treatment.
Assess safety and efficacy of extracochlear ES.

Main Methods:

Used guinea pigs with noise-induced or salicylate-induced tinnitus.
Applied targeted intracochlear and novel extracochlear electrical stimulation (ES).
Analyzed changes in cochlear nucleus (CN) plasticity.

Main Results:

Intracochlear ES reversed maladaptive plasticity in the cochlear nucleus (CN).
Extracochlear ES alleviated tinnitus and reversed CN plasticity.
Extracochlear ES caused no additional cochlear damage or hearing loss.

Conclusions:

CI-delivered ES may treat tinnitus by correcting CN maladaptive plasticity.
Extracochlear ES is a promising, low-risk tinnitus therapeutic strategy.