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Behavioural modernity is dead: Long live behavioural modernity
1Anthropology Department, University of Connecticut, Deep History Lab, Storrs, CT, USA.
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|January 14, 2025
Summary
This study uses Neanderthal symbolism to argue that cognitive capacity and material culture are linked beyond preservation. A new framework for behavioral modernity requires separating biological and behavioral aspects for both modern and extinct humans.
Area of Science:
- Paleoanthropology
- Cognitive Archaeology
- Symbolic Behavior
Background:
- The link between cognitive capacity and material culture is often viewed through the lens of preservation.
- Previous studies, such as Stibbard-Hawkes, have explored this connection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To extend previous research by examining Neanderthal symbolism.
- To reconsider the relationship between cognitive capacity and material culture, moving beyond preservation.
- To propose a reconceptualization of behavioral modernity.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Neanderthal symbolic artifacts.
- Theoretical extension of existing frameworks (Stibbard-Hawkes).
- Critical engagement with theoretical framing of research questions.
Main Results:
- Neanderthal symbolism provides evidence that the cognitive capacity-material culture link is broader than preservation.
- Reconsidering this link requires a theoretical separation of biological and behavioral modernity.
Conclusions:
- Behavioral modernity should be inclusive of both extant and extinct human populations.
- A critical re-evaluation of research questions is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of human evolution and behavior.
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