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  11. Kinetics Of Vapor-liquid And Vapor-solid Phase Separation Under Gravity

Kinetics of vapor-liquid and vapor-solid phase separation under gravity

Daniya Davis1, Bhaskar Sen Gupta1

  • 1Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India. bhaskar.sengupta@vit.ac.in.

Soft Matter
|January 14, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We investigated phase separation in a Lennard-Jones system under gravity using molecular dynamics. Gravity breaks symmetry, accelerating domain growth and altering scaling laws, revealing new field-dependent length scales.

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Phase separation is crucial in materials science and fluid dynamics.
  • Understanding domain growth kinetics is key to controlling material properties.
  • Anisotropic effects due to external fields are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of an external gravitational field on phase separation kinetics.
  • To analyze the resulting domain morphology and scaling laws.
  • To determine the impact of gravity on statistical self-similarity and the Porod law.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive molecular dynamics simulations of a three-dimensional one-component Lennard-Jones system.
  • Quenching a homogeneous system near critical density into the coexistence region.

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  • Analysis of domain growth in the presence and absence of an external gravitational field.

    • Main Results:

    • Formation of bicontinuous domain structures upon quenching.
    • Gravity destroys system isotropy, leading to anisotropic domain growth.
    • Accelerated domain growth along the field direction, resembling sedimentation.
    • Emergence of new length scales dependent on gravitational field strength.
    • Modified scaling laws and verification of statistical self-similarity and Porod law in anisotropic systems.

    Conclusions:

    • External gravitational fields significantly alter phase separation kinetics and domain morphology.
    • The study provides insights into anisotropic growth phenomena and their underlying mechanisms.
    • Findings are relevant for understanding and manipulating phase transitions in various physical systems.