Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

5.7K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.7K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

7.4K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.4K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

6.2K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.2K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

11.5K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
11.5K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

4.8K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.8K
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

3.2K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma controversy and insights: a global NLPHL one working group summit report.

Leukemia·2026
Same author

Unplanned Excision and the Race to Cure Sarcomas: Commentary on an article by Jacob Jahn, BS, et al.: "Effect of Timing of First Consultation with a Sarcoma Specialist Following Unplanned Excision. Oncologic Outcomes of Patients with Soft-Tissue Sarcomas".

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same author

Historical outcomes for patients with stage IA NLPHL: RGlobal nLPHL One Working Group (GLOW) retrospective analyses.

Blood advances·2026
Same author

Inhibition of p300/CREBBP catalytic activity drives context-dependent transcriptional activation in AML.

Blood·2026
Same author

Radiotherapy for indolent primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma: an international multicenter ILROG analysis.

Blood·2026
Same author

Neoadjuvant BO-112 and Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy with or without Nivolumab in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma: Preclinical and Phase I Results.

Cancer discovery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2025

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells
11:42

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

Published on: April 7, 2017

9.4K

Evolutionary Pressures Shape Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma Development and Radiotherapy Response.

Erik S Blomain1, Shaghayegh Soudi2, Ziwei Wang2

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Cancer Research
|January 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiotherapy drives cancer evolution by expanding resistant subclones. Targeting these resistant cancer cells, particularly those involving calcium signaling, could improve treatment effectiveness.

More Related Videos

Tumorsphere Derivation and Treatment from Primary Tumor Cells Isolated from Mouse Rhabdomyosarcomas
09:21

Tumorsphere Derivation and Treatment from Primary Tumor Cells Isolated from Mouse Rhabdomyosarcomas

Published on: September 13, 2019

7.1K
Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
10:27

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2025

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells
11:42

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

Published on: April 7, 2017

9.4K
Tumorsphere Derivation and Treatment from Primary Tumor Cells Isolated from Mouse Rhabdomyosarcomas
09:21

Tumorsphere Derivation and Treatment from Primary Tumor Cells Isolated from Mouse Rhabdomyosarcomas

Published on: September 13, 2019

7.1K
Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
10:27

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Radiotherapy is a cornerstone cancer treatment, used in approximately 50% of patients.
  • Understanding how radiation influences tumor evolution is critical for improving treatment outcomes.
  • Systemic therapies can select for resistant tumor subpopulations, highlighting the need to study radiation's impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS) during tumorigenesis and in response to radiotherapy.
  • To identify mechanisms of radioresistance and potential therapeutic targets.
  • To assess the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for monitoring tumor evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated temporal genomic profiling of 120 tumor regions from 20 UPS patients.
  • Longitudinal analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).
  • Application of computational evolutionary biology pipelines.

Main Results:

  • Unirradiated UPS tumors showed linear evolution followed by branching evolution with distinct mutational processes.
  • Radiotherapy significantly increased selection pressures and altered subclone abundance.
  • Inhibition of calcium transporters sensitized sarcoma cells to radiation, with subclone contraction linked to calcium signaling alterations.
  • ctDNA analysis accurately monitored subclonal changes noninvasively.

Conclusions:

  • Radiation exerts significant selective pressure on UPS, promoting the expansion of resistant subclones.
  • Targeting radioresistant subclones, particularly those associated with calcium signaling pathways, may enhance radiotherapy efficacy.
  • Noninvasive monitoring of tumor evolution using ctDNA is feasible and valuable for treatment assessment.