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Heart remodelling affects ECG in rat DOCA/salt model.

M Laska1, J Vitous, R Jirik

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. stracina@med.muni.cz.

Physiological Research
|January 14, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)/salt rat model to investigate early cardiac remodelling. Findings show structural changes and fibrosis, alongside distinct electrophysiological alterations, highlighting the model

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Animal Models of Disease
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Myocardial remodelling, characterized by structural and functional heart changes, can progress to heart failure.
  • The deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)/salt model is crucial for studying hypertension-induced cardiac remodelling, including fibrosis and hypertrophy.
  • Understanding these early changes is vital for developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine myocardial remodelling and its electrophysiological consequences in the DOCA/salt rat model over three weeks.
  • To correlate structural changes observed via MRI with ECG parameters.
  • To assess the utility of the DOCA/salt model for studying early cardiac remodelling and electrophysiological disturbances.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the DOCA/salt model in 11 male Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into fibrosis (n=6) and control (n=5) groups.
  • Induced myocardial remodelling through unilateral nephrectomy, DOCA administration, and high salt intake.
  • Assessed structural changes using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and electrophysiological properties via ECG.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in left ventricular wall thickness, myocardial fractional volume, and fibrosis were observed in the fibrosis group.
  • Despite structural changes, left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved and increased.
  • ECG analysis revealed significant PR interval prolongation and QRS widening, indicating conduction disturbances, with a potential correlation between QRS duration and hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

  • The DOCA/salt model effectively induces early myocardial remodelling with distinct structural and electrophysiological changes.
  • Early fibrosis and hypertrophy in this model are associated with significant conduction abnormalities.
  • This study underscores the value of combining advanced imaging and electrophysiological techniques with established animal models for cardiovascular research.