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Rotavirus vaccine effectiveness and coverage among children younger than 5 years old in Shanghai, China: A

Xiaohuan Gong1, Zhuoying Huang2, Yaxu Zheng1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.

Vaccine
|January 14, 2025
PubMed

Insights

RotaTeq vaccine shows strong effectiveness against rotavirus diarrhea in children, while the Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine offers partial protection. Rotavirus vaccine coverage in Shanghai is high and increasing.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Vaccinology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited post-marketing studies exist for Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine (LLR) and RotaTeq in China.
  • Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in young children globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of LLR and RotaTeq in Shanghai, China.
  • To evaluate rotavirus vaccine coverage trends following RotaTeq licensure.

Main Methods:

  • A test-negative case-control study using prospective surveillance in five Shanghai hospitals.
  • Real-time RT-PCR used to confirm rotavirus infection in children aged 5 years and younger.
  • Logistic regression models applied for matched and unmatched analyses.

Main Results:

  • Partial LLR vaccination (2 doses) showed 49.09% VE against rotavirus diarrhea.
  • Complete RotaTeq vaccination demonstrated robust VE (85.69%–89.46%) across analyses.
  • Rotavirus vaccine coverage increased from 45.02% to 61.77% after RotaTeq licensure in 2018.

Conclusions:

  • RotaTeq offers significant protection against rotavirus diarrhea in children.
  • LLR provides moderate protection; complete vaccination is recommended.
  • High rotavirus vaccine coverage in Shanghai suggests successful implementation; further research is needed for national policy.
Abstract

Keywords:
RotavirusSurveillanceTest-negative case-control studyVaccination coverageVaccine effectiveness

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