Search research articles

Related Concept Videos

The Fossil Record

The Fossil Record

The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...

Cohesion

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Digital range of motion analysis is sensitive to subjective steps in joint model construction.

Journal of anatomy·2026

Same author

Penetrative track morphology and sediment parameters: subsurface layers are robust to changes in substrate properties.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·2026

Same author

Speed from fossil trackways: calculations not validated by extant birds on compliant substrates.

Biology letters·2025

Same author

Quirks of track preservation and formation are more likely than pre-avian flight and ultrafast dinosaurs.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same author

Precision and accuracy of the dynamic endocast method for measuring volume changes in XROMM studies.

The Journal of experimental biology·2025

Same author

Human walking biomechanics on sand substrates of varying foot sinking depth.

The Journal of experimental biology·2024

Same journal

Cat colonies reshape the abundance and body size of lizards.

Biology letters·2026

Same journal

Visual signal dynamicity shapes detectability in the wild: an experiment with a mate-searching butterfly.

Biology letters·2026

Same journal

Transient marine species disproportionately expand the morphospace of North American continental freshwater fishes.

Biology letters·2026

Same journal

An unrecognized fine-scale host-plant adaptation in a leaf miner: correct dorsoventral egg orientation is essential for successful leaf entry.

Biology letters·2026

Same journal

Alpine adaptation drives rapid colour evolution in a Batesian mimic.

Biology letters·2026

Same journal

Song but not colour divergence constrains hybridization in birds.

Biology letters·2026

See all related articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2025

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli

Published on: July 29, 2007

Reconstructing dinosaur locomotion.

Peter L Falkingham¹

¹School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.

Biology Letters

|January 14, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding dinosaur locomotion requires integrating evidence from living animals, skeletal structure, musculoskeletal models, and fossil footprints. This multi-faceted approach is crucial for reconstructing dinosaur behavior, ecology, and appearance.

Keywords:

biomechanics dinosaurs ichnology locomotion modelling

More Related Videos

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Published on: April 13, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2025

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli

Published on: July 29, 2007

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Published on: April 13, 2011

Area of Science:

Paleontology
Biomechanics
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Dinosaur locomotor biomechanics are vital for reconstructing dinosaur life, influencing behavior, performance, ecology, and appearance.
Direct observation of dinosaur locomotion is impossible, necessitating indirect methods for reconstruction.
Understanding how extinct animals moved is a fundamental challenge in paleontology.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in reconstructing dinosaur locomotion.
To highlight the methodological approaches integrating diverse evidence sources.
To emphasize the necessity of a multi-disciplinary approach for confident locomotion reconstructions.

Main Methods:

Utilizing extant taxa to establish locomotion principles and validate methods.
Analyzing skeletal evidence for posture, range of motion, and mass estimations.
Employing musculoskeletal models for muscle function analysis and performance simulations.
Interpreting fossilized footprints as direct records of dinosaur speed, gait, and posture.

Main Results:

Reconstructions of dinosaur locomotion benefit significantly from integrating data from multiple sources.
Each evidence source (extant taxa, skeletal, musculoskeletal models, footprints) provides unique insights.
A comprehensive understanding requires combining principles from living animals with fossil evidence.

Conclusions:

Confident reconstructions of non-avian dinosaur locomotion depend on synthesizing evidence from extant taxa, skeletal structure, musculoskeletal modeling, and ichnology (fossil footprints).
This integrated approach is essential for a holistic understanding of dinosaur biology and evolution.
Future research should continue to refine methodologies that combine these diverse lines of evidence.