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Area of Science:

  • Motor control
  • Neuroscience
  • Human movement science

Background:

  • Selective stopping of planned or ongoing movements is a crucial everyday motor skill.
  • Action cancellation can lead to interference with simultaneous actions, potentially due to global motor inhibition.
  • Previous research used brain stimulation and electromyography (EMG) to study corticomotor excitability during stopping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if global motor inhibition during selective stopping can be measured peripherally using only EMG.
  • To assess the temporal resolution of EMG in detecting these inhibitory effects.
  • To determine if EMG can serve as a physiological marker for stopping processes.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen participants performed a bimanual anticipatory response inhibition task.
  • Participants maintained a tonic contraction of task-irrelevant abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles.
  • Time series analysis of ADM EMG signals was used to detect inhibition patterns.

Main Results:

  • Transient inhibition in ADM EMG signals was observed 150-203 ms after the stop signal during failed stopping trials.
  • This inhibition pattern occurred in both hands across different selective stopping conditions (stop-all, stop-left, stop-right).
  • Tonic muscle activity proved sensitive to global motor suppression effects, even with failed stopping.

Conclusions:

  • EMG alone can detect peripheral physiological markers of global motor inhibition during selective stopping.
  • This method offers high temporal resolution for studying the dynamics of stopping processes.
  • EMG provides a valuable tool for probing the time course and extent of motor inhibition.