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Updated: May 7, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Association between body mass index at birth and neonatal health outcomes in preterm infants: A retrospective

Chuntian Liu1,2, Yijia Chen3, Mengqing Pan3

  • 1Wenzhou Medical University School of Nursing, Wenzhou, China.

Pediatric Obesity
|January 14, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Birth body mass index (BMI) impacts preterm infant health. Low or high BMI at birth increases risks for respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and necrotizing enterocolitis in vulnerable neonates.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the impact of birth body mass index (BMI) on health outcomes for preterm infants.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for improving neonatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between birth BMI and neonatal health outcomes.
  • Focus on extremely low and very low birth weight preterm infants in China.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Chinese Premature Infant Informatization Platform (2022-2023).
  • Categorized preterm infants into low (< -2), normal (-2 to 2), and high (>2) BMI z-score groups.
  • Analyzed the association between BMI categories and neonatal health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Analysis included 1662 preterm infants.
  • Low BMI correlated with increased risks of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
  • High BMI correlated with an increased risk of RDS.

Conclusions:

  • Birth BMI is significantly linked to RDS, BPD, and NEC risks in extremely low and very low birth weight infants.
  • Monitoring birth BMI can enhance risk prediction for high-risk neonates.
Abstract

Keywords:
body mass indexneonatal health outcomespreterm infantsretrospective studies

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