High-resolution gridded dataset of China's offshore wind potential and costs under technical change

Assessing the dynamics of offshore wind potential and costs is essential for low-carbon energy policy decision-making and energy modeling, but no open-source, spatial explicit and technologically detailed dataset is available. This study addresses this gap by employing a consistent assessment framework that integrates GIS analysis, a wind reanalysis model, a component-based cost model and scenario analysis. It identifies suitable space for offshore wind deployment considering 12 technical and policy constraints, estimates hourly output curves, capacity factors, and technology cost dynamics by components across 5058 grid points with a 10 km resolution from 2020 to 2035 under three technical change scenarios. The dataset has been validated through comparisons with existing offshore wind projects and datasets, and is stored in two formats (GeoTIFF and NetCDF4). This dataset offers extensive potential for use as an input in climate policy and energy system research.